See ICulvert for parameters for setting up a culvert.
The culvert such that critical flow conditions are calculated prior to calculation of the actual flow. The critical flow conditions are typically by activating the CalcCriticalConditions method from a user interface The result of this procedure is stored as part of the culvert specification. See CalculateFreeOverFlowQhRelation for more detail.
public class Culvert : AbstractHeadLossStructureValved, ICulvert,
IValvedStructure, IStructure, IDoubleProxy, IQuantityProxy, IPlotableStructure,
IHeadLossStructure, ILinearZeroVariation, ISolvesEnergyEquation, IStructureCrossSectionSetup, IIteratingStructure| Culvert | Constructor. |
| ConvectionTermReductionCoefficient |
Reduction coefficient for convection terms (kinetic energy terms) in energy equation.
This coefficient is applied when the difference between inflow kinetic energy and outflow kinetic energy
(or more precisely, velocity head difference measured in meters) becomes larger than the total head loss.
0 corresponds to no reduction (default) whereas 1 corresponds to removing the upstream and
downstream convective terms.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| CriticalFlow |
Flag indicating of flow is critical through the structure, and the head loss/energy loss equation is not active.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| CriticalFlowConditions | Critical flow conditions depending on flow direction. (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| CriticalFlowConditionsCalculation |
Flag specifying that calculations are performed when generating
critical flow condition tables.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| CriticalFlowConditionsNegative | Critical flow conditions for negative flow. (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| CriticalFlowConditionsPositive | Critical flow conditions for positive flow. (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| dDischargedDownStreamWaterLevel |
Calculated Discharge derivative with DownStreamWaterLevel. Downstream is relative to the direction of chainage.
The value is calculated by SetWaterLevels.
Unit: [m^2/s]
(Inherited from Structure) |
| dDischargedUpStreamWaterLevel |
Calculated Discharge derivative with UpStreamWaterLevel. Upstream is relative to the direction of chainage.
The value is calculated by SetWaterLevels.
Unit: [m^2/s]
(Inherited from Structure) |
| Delhs | Linear flow variation. For water level differences less than delhs use a linear Q variation between h1-h2=delhs and h1-h2=0. This is to avoid stability problems for small water level differences where dQdh goes to infinity. Unit: [m] Default: 0.01 |
| DerivativeType | How to calculate culvert discharge derivative. |
| dHeadLossDischarge |
Head loss derivative with respect to discharge
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| Discharge |
Calculated Discharge. The value is calculated by SetWaterLevels.
Unit: [m^3/s]
(Inherited from Structure) |
| DischargeCriticalForTableCalculation |
Critical discharge when performing table calculations.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| DischargeEnergyEquation | Discharge calculated after solving energy equation (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| DownstreamCrossSection |
Downstream cross section data. The cross section data is the processed level, with, area.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| DownstreamExternalEnergyLevel |
Flag indicating to use downstream external energy level.
For false the downstream energy level is calculated as part of the internal solution. It is more stable to set DownstreamExternalEnergyLevel to true. (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| DownstreamInvertLevel | The invert level downstream. Unit: [m] Default: 0 |
| DownstreamWaterLevel |
Downstream water level.Downstream refers to the direction of chainage. The water level is set by use of
SetWaterLevels
Unit: [m]
(Inherited from Structure) |
| EnableCheckFlowDirectionOscillations |
Flag indicating whether to use special check and damping
for structure discharge oscillating around zero.
(Inherited from Structure) |
| ExtensionData |
Property used by (de)serializer, when it can not find proper target for
a data field. Support of forward compatible data contracts.
(Inherited from Structure) |
| FlowArea |
Flow area through structure. Used by most (but not all) structures.
(Inherited from Structure) |
| FlowAreaOutflow | Flow area for outflow of culvert. |
| FlowFactor |
The discharge (and discharge derivatives) are scaled by the flow factor.
(Inherited from Structure) |
| GenerateCriticalFlowConditions |
Flag specifying to generate critical flow condition tables
when the whole composite structure is taken into account.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| Geometry | Class describing the geometry of the culvert section |
| HeadLoss |
Calculated Head loss for the current flow conditions.
Unit: [m]
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| HeadLossBendsNegativeFlow | Bends head loss factor for negative flow. Unit: [] Default: 0 |
| HeadLossBendsPositiveFlow | Bends head loss factor for positive flow. Unit: [] Default: 0 |
| HeadLossCoefficient |
Calculated Head loss coefficient for the current flow conditions.
Unit: [1/m^4]
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| HeadLossFreeOverflowNegativeFlow | Free overflow factor for negative flow. Unit: [] Default: 1 |
| HeadLossFreeOverflowPositiveFlow | Free overflow factor for positive flow. Unit: [] Default: 1 |
| HeadLossInflowNegativeFlow | Inflow head loss factor for negative flow. Unit: [] Default: 0.5 |
| HeadLossInflowPositiveFlow | Inflow head loss factor for positive flow. Unit: [] Default: 0.5 |
| HeadLossMode |
Flag indicating whether to use head loss calculations.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| HeadLossOutflowNegativeFlow | Outflow head loss factor for negative flow. Unit: [] Default: 1 |
| HeadLossOutflowPositiveFlow | Outflow head loss factor for positive flow. Unit: [] Default: 1 |
| HorizontalOffSetFromMarker2 | Horizontal offset relative to up- and down- stream cross sections. Used when doing structure plotting. |
| HydraulicParameters | Hydraulic parameters for the given geometry. |
| ID |
Structure ID
(Inherited from Structure) |
| IDInUserUnit |
Used to get a consistent description of the structure. The ID comes in user units. Used e.g. when
reporting errors, warnings and hints.
(Inherited from Structure) |
| Implicit |
Flag to control if the structure is implicit or explicit. If the structure is explicit
(Implicit == false) then the derivatives of the dicharge are always zero.
Default value: true
(Inherited from Structure) |
| InvertLevelDownstream |
Invert level down stream
(Overrides StructureInvertLevelDownstream) |
| InvertLevelUpstream |
Invert level up stream
(Overrides StructureInvertLevelUpstream) |
| IsCriticalForTableCalculation |
Flag specifying that structure is critical when performing composite structure
critical flow conditions calculations.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| IsLinkStructure | Flag specifying whether the culvert represents link channel. |
| Length |
Models the flow through typically longer pipe between limiting cross sections (up- and down- stream).
The pipe my have any cross section geometry and may be either closed or open.
The culvert such that critical flow conditions are calculated prior to calculation of the actual flow. The
critical flow conditions are typically by activating the CalcCriticalConditions method from a
user interface The result of this procedure is stored as part of the culvert specification.
(Overrides StructureLength) |
| Location |
Location property.
(Inherited from Structure) |
| Mannings_n | Manning's n. Unit: [s/m^(1/3)] Default: 0.013 |
| MaximumIterations |
Maximum number of iterations in a structure to obtain convergence of the discharge.
Default: 100
Currently this is set for all structures from the MaximumIterationsInStructure, but it is prepared for individual structure values. |
| ModifyWaterLevels |
Flag specifying to modify water levels by friction loss.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| Multiplicator | Multiplicator or "number of culverts". Used for modeling more culverts in one go. Unit: [] Default: 1 |
| MultiplicatorDischarge |
Multiplicator or "number of culverts", that are multiplied by the discharge.
This is set if CalculateFlowConditions(Int32) is executed, since
the returned tables does not take Multiplicator into account.
|
| NonConvergedIterations | Total number of iterations in culvert structure. |
| OrificeFlowCoefficientsNegativeFlow | Orifice flow coefficients for negative flow |
| OrificeFlowCoefficientsPositiveFlow | Orifice flow coefficients for positive flow |
| PartOfCompositeFlow |
Part of the flow in a parallel structure that passes through this structure.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| PartOfCompositeFlowMinimal |
Limit for part of composite flow below which it is assumed
that structure has no flow.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| QhFlowtypeRelationsNegativeFlow | Q/h relations for negative flow |
| QhFlowtypeRelationsPositiveFlow | Q/h relations for positive flow |
| QhSolverMethod | How to solve Qh relations/flow conditions. |
| Residual |
Residual after solving the energy equation.
Relevant only for Levenberg-Marquardt type of solvers. (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| RunTimeDiagnostics |
The getter is used to get a list of errors.
(Inherited from Structure) |
| SideStructureBank |
Bank side that side-structure is located on
If side structure contains reservoir, and has the Coordinate set, this is not used (and should be set to Undefined). (Inherited from Structure) |
| SideStructureReservoir |
Reservoir at end of side structure. Null if not side structure, or no reservoir is defined
(Inherited from Structure) |
| SkipInitialGuess |
Flag specifying to skip initial guess in the energy equation solver.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| SkipPartOfCompositeFlow |
Flag specifying to use part of composite flow equal to one
for all structures in the composite structure.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| SmoothingFactor |
Exponential smoothing factor for structure discharge.
The smoothing factor is the weight of the previous discharge on the new discharge:
q = (1 - SmoothingFactor) * qStructure + SmoothingFactor * qPrevious
(Inherited from Structure) |
| SolverMethod |
Solution method for solving the energy equations.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| StationaryStateCalculation |
Flag specifying that stationary state calculations are performed.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| StructureCrossSection | In case the culvert geometry is defined by a cross section, this variable holds that one |
| StructureIterationCentering | Used when making relaxation when iterating to find the subcritical solution for structures solved using the energy equation. When it equals 1 no relaxation is made. |
| StructureType |
Type of structure
(Inherited from Structure) |
| TopoID |
String used to identified cross sections
(Inherited from Structure) |
| TotalIterations | Total number of iterations in culvert structure. |
| Type |
Structure type, unique for each structure.
(Overrides StructureType) |
| UpstreamCrossSection |
Upstream cross section data. The cross section data is the processed level, with, area.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| UpstreamExternalEnergyLevel |
Flag indicating to use upstream external energy level.
For false the upstream energy level is calculated as part of the internal solution. It is more stable to set UpstreamExternalEnergyLevel to true. (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| UpstreamInvertLevel | The invert level upstream. Unit: [m] Default: 0 |
| UpstreamWaterLevel |
Upstream water level. Upstream refers to the direction of chainage. The water level is set by use of
SetWaterLevels
Unit: [m]
(Inherited from Structure) |
| UseFrictionFromHD |
Use friction in energy equation from HD module.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| Valve |
Type of the valve
Default: None
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructureValved) |
| WaterLevelDifferenceMinimal |
Water level difference below which it is assumed
that structure has no flow.
(Inherited from Structure) |
| ZeroFlow |
Flag indicating no flow through structure (upstream water level below invert level).
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| Accepts |
List of data types that is accepted, i.e., that you can get a ValueSetter for.
(Inherited from Structure) |
| AddToOffers |
Add additional offers to structure
(Inherited from Structure) |
| ApplyFlowFactor |
Applies flow factor to discharge and it's derivatives
(Inherited from Structure) |
| CalculateFlowConditions | Call this method to produce Q-h relations and hydraulic parameters from culvert data. |
| CalculateHeadLoss | Calculates head loss for culvert from particular analytical expression. |
| ControlSetFlowFactor |
Set flow factor to specified value
(Inherited from Structure) |
| Description |
Return a string that describes this structure. Includes structure type and ID
(Inherited from Structure) |
| DetermineCriticalPartOfCompositeFlow |
Determines part of composite flow for structure, which was marked as having critical flow
with initial estimate of part of composite flow.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| Dispose |
Frees the licenses held.
(Inherited from Structure) |
| Equals | Determines whether the specified object is equal to the current object. (Inherited from Object) |
| Evaluate(StructureParametersFromHD) |
Sets up- and down-stream water level and discharge and calculates the headloss and its derivatives.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| Evaluate(Double, Double, Double) |
Sets up- and down- stream water level and forces the calculation of the discharge and its derivatives.
(Overrides AbstractHeadLossStructureEvaluate(Double, Double, Double)) |
| ExplicitStructureSupport |
DEBUG: This method is called from Validate() if _implitcit == false to check if
the structure supports being Explicit.
Once all structures support explicit operation this method can be deleted.
(Inherited from Structure) |
| Finalize | Allows an object to try to free resources and perform other cleanup operations before it is reclaimed by garbage collection. (Inherited from Object) |
| GetActionInfos |
List of control action infos
(Inherited from Structure) |
| GetControlAction |
Get control action for the specified id. It always returns one of
the ActionControl delegates. It will return null if
controlActionId is not valid.
Base implementation for IControllable (Inherited from Structure) |
| GetCurrentValue |
Get the current value of the control for the specified id.
Base implementation for IControllable (Inherited from Structure) |
| GetHashCode | Serves as the default hash function. (Inherited from Object) |
| GetPartOfCompositeFlowEstimateFactor |
Provides an estimate factor for part of composite flow.
Presently it is upstream structure cross-section to upstream cross-section flow area ratio.
(Overrides AbstractHeadLossStructureGetPartOfCompositeFlowEstimateFactor(Double, Double, Double)) |
| GetType | Gets the Type of the current instance. (Inherited from Object) |
| Initialize(IDiagnostics) |
Set up structure and set runtime diagnostics object
(Inherited from Structure) |
| Initialize(ICrossSection, ICrossSection, Boolean, IDiagnostics) |
Prepare the weir: Set the cross sections on each side of the weir.
(Overrides StructureInitialize(ICrossSection, ICrossSection, Boolean, IDiagnostics)) |
| MemberwiseClone | Creates a shallow copy of the current Object. (Inherited from Object) |
| Offers |
A list of quantities available from this structure
(Inherited from Structure) |
| Prepare(HDParameterData, IDiagnostics) |
Set up structure and set runtime diagnostics object
(Overrides StructurePrepare(HDParameterData, IDiagnostics)) |
| Prepare(DateTime, HDParameterData, IDiagnostics) |
Set up structure and set runtime diagnostics object
(Inherited from Structure) |
| ResetControlledState |
Reset internal state (if any) used by controlling class.
Called after a controlling class has performed a control sequence,
and simulation is restarted.
Base implementation for IControllable (Inherited from Structure) |
| SetControlStrategyId |
Set control strategy ID manually.
Base implementation for IControllable (Inherited from Structure) |
| SetInputWaterLevels |
Set the _upstreamWaterLevel, _downstreamWaterLevel and _flowDir (Inherited from Structure) |
| Setup | Set cross section information to structure |
| SetWaterLevels(StructureParametersFromHD) |
Sets up- and down-stream water level and forces the calculation of the discharge and its derivatives.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| SetWaterLevels(Double, Double) |
Sets up- and down- stream water level and forces the calculation of the discharge and its derivatives.
Override in extending classes to do something useful. (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| SetWaterLevels(Double, Double, Double, Double) |
Sets up- and down-stream water level and forces the calculation of the discharge and its derivatives.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| SetZeroFlow |
Sets the conditions for zero flow
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| ToString | Returns a string that represents the current object. (Inherited from Object) |
| UpdatedWaterLevels |
After a time step (or iteration) has finished, update the discharge to the actual value, based
on the final water levels and the discharge derivatives.
(Inherited from Structure) |
| Validate |
Writes errors, warnings and hints into their respective member classes. The member objects are initially cleared.
(Overrides StructureValidate) |
| ValueGetter |
Get value setter for the specified data quantity
(Overrides StructureValueGetter(Int32)) |
| ValueSetter |
Get value setter for the specified data type
(Inherited from Structure) |
| ValveDecidesFlow |
Decides whether the valve will decide the flow and sets the flow to zero in case the valve
forbids flow.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructureValved) |
| ZeroFlowDueToValve |
Decides whether the valve will prevent flow given the flow direction.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructureValved) |
| _accepts |
List of quantities that are accepted
(Inherited from Structure) |
| _controlStategyId |
If the structure is being controlled, then _controlStategyId contains the ID of the
active control strategy
(Inherited from Structure) |
| _crossSection1 | Help variable for the upstream cross section relative to the actual flow. (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| _crossSection2 | Help variable for the downstream cross section relative to the actual flow. (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| _downstreamCrossSection |
Downstream cross section data. The cross section data is the processed level, with, area.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| _downstreamWaterLevel |
Downstream water level, as set by SetWaterLevels(Double, Double)
Unit: [m]
(Inherited from Structure) |
| _dqdhDownstream |
The derivative of flow through the structure with downstream water level. The flow is
calculated in the derived classes when the SetWaterLevels method is called.
Unit: [m2/sec]
(Inherited from Structure) |
| _dqdhUpstream |
The derivative of flow through the structure with upstream water level. The flow is
calculated in the derived classes when the SetWaterLevels method is called.
Unit: [m2/sec]
(Inherited from Structure) |
| _flowArea |
Flow area through structure. Used by most (but not all) structures.
(Inherited from Structure) |
| _flowDir |
FlowDir is used to determine which parameters to use for the flow calculations.
Derived by the SetWaterLevels(Double, Double).
(Inherited from Structure) |
| _flowRegime | Flow regime for discharge mode. (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| _flowRegimeHeadLoss | Flow regime for head loss mode. (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| _h1 | Water level at cross section upstream (relative to actual flow direction) (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| _h2 | Water level at cross section downstream (relative to actual flow direction) (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| _id |
Identification name of the structure
(Inherited from Structure) |
| _implicit |
If _implicit == false, then the derivatives are always zero.
Default value: true.
(Inherited from Structure) |
| _location |
Location in the network
(Inherited from Structure) |
| _offers |
List of quantities that are offered
(Inherited from Structure) |
| _parameters |
A class which contains parameters passed from HD module to
Structure module during the run of the simulation.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| _partOfCompositeFlow |
Part of the flow in a parallel structure that passes through this structure.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| _q |
Flow through the structure. The flow is calculated in the derived classes when the
SetWaterLevels method is called.
Unit: [m3/sec]
(Inherited from Structure) |
| _qEnergyEquation | Discharge calculated after solving energy equation (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| _qSaintVenant | Discharge leading to a head loss (used when HeadLossMode=true) (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| _qSaintVenantFull | Discharge leading to a head loss without part of composite flow (used when HeadLossMode=true) (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| _runTimeDiagnostics |
Diagnostics are written into this Diagnostics during calculations.
Set during Initialize(IDiagnostics) (Inherited from Structure) |
| _topoID |
Identification used to find referenced cross sections
(Inherited from Structure) |
| _upstreamCrossSection |
Upstream cross section data. The cross section data is the processed level, with, area.
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| _upstreamWaterLevel |
Upstream water level, as set by SetWaterLevels(Double, Double)
Unit: [m]
(Inherited from Structure) |
| _v1 | Velocity estimate upstream relative to actual flow direction of the structure. (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| _v2 | Velocity estimate at cross section downstream (relative to actual flow direction). (Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| _valveType |
Type of the valve
Default: None
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructureValved) |
| _zeroFlow |
Flag indicating no flow through structure (upstream water level below invert level).
(Inherited from AbstractHeadLossStructure) |
| Getter | From the proxy, return an FuncTResult for the specified quantity. It returns the first quantity of that type that is offered, and null if the quantity is not offered. (Defined by ProxyExtensions) |
| Getters |
Returns a set of FuncTResult for the quantity.
We can return several quantities with the same id (usually they will differ in their description).
If the quantity is not offerent, an empty list is returned.
(Defined by ProxyExtensions) |
| GettersFraction |
Returns a set of FuncT, TResult for the quantity.
We can return several quantities with the same id (usually they will differ in their description).
If the quantity is not offerent, an empty list is returned.
(Defined by ProxyExtensions) |
| GetterUnboxed | From the proxy, return an FuncTResult for the specified quantity. It returns the first quantity of that type that is offered, and null if the quantity is not offered. (Defined by ProxyExtensions) |
| Initialize |
Helper function for some unit tests. Do not use.
(Defined by StructureExtensions) |
| Initialize |
Helper function for some unit tests. Do not use.
(Defined by StructureExtensions) |
| IsSideStructure |
Returns true if the structure is a side structure
(Defined by StructureExtensions) |
| Setter | From the proxy, return an IDoubleGetSet for the specified quantity. It returns the first quantity of that type that is accepted, and null if the quantity is not accepted. (Defined by ProxyExtensions) |